TU Graz Unveils FLAPTrack Solar System That Tracks Sun and Protects Panels from Hail

A new solar tracking system called FLAPTrack, developed at TU Graz, increases energy yield by up to 56% while protecting panels from hail and snow.

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Researchers at Graz University of Technology (TU Graz) have introduced a photovoltaic system named FLAPTrack that combines sun tracking with protective features against hail and snow. The system, led by Armin Buchroithner, uses a patented linear actuator to both orient panels toward the sun and fold them into a safe position during storms.

According to Buchroithner, the dual-purpose actuator is the core innovation. "The system's key innovation is a patented linear actuator that fulfills two functions: It tracks the sun and folds the panels to a protective stow position," he said. When severe weather is forecast, the panels fold face-to-face and lie flat, reducing wind exposure and shielding them from hail. The back sides can be further protected with inexpensive hail netting.

A demonstration unit with a capacity of 1.8 kWp is operating on the roof of an office building on TU Graz's Campus Inffeldgasse. Over the test period, the average energy gain compared to fixed panels was just under 40%, with peak daily increases reaching 56%. During morning and evening hours, when demand is high, FLAPTrack produces more than double the electricity of traditional systems. "In the mornings and evenings, when general electricity consumption is particularly high, FLAPTrack delivers more than twice as much electricity as traditional PV systems due to its optimal tracking of the sun's position, which also helps mitigate grid loads and avoid instabilities," Buchroithner explained.

The system is connected to a local weather station and regional forecast models to anticipate storms. It also keeps panels free of snow by folding them. Sensors monitor weather, energy yield, wear, and wind forces for long-term evaluation.

Buchroithner emphasized the risk of hail damage: "Damage to silicon wafers caused by hailstones can lead to hotspots, which reduce the efficiency of the entire module due to their increased internal resistance."