Lifeboat Fuel Quality: A Critical Safety Risk Under SOLAS
Poor fuel quality in lifeboat engines poses a life-safety risk that is often overlooked, with experts warning that degraded or unsuitable fuel can lead to engine failure during emergencies.
This article was drafted with AI assistance from multiple sources and was reviewed and approved by a human editor before publication.
Fuel quality in lifeboat engines is a critical safety-of-life-at-sea issue that is frequently underestimated, according to a recent analysis published in International Shipping News. The report highlights that lifeboat engines may be the only power source during an emergency, and fuel failures can have catastrophic consequences.
Under SOLAS regulations, lifeboats must carry enough fuel to operate at 6 knots for at least 25 hours. However, the fuel used is often marine gas oil (MGO grade DMA) rather than the recommended DMX grade, which is specifically designed for emergency equipment. DMX fuel offers better low-temperature operability, ignition quality, and storage reliability, but it accounts for only about 1-2% of global supply, whereas DMA is more common. The report notes that DMA may not provide the same assurance for emergency use.
Fuel degradation over time is another major concern. Lifeboat engines may sit idle for long periods, allowing fuel to deteriorate due to contamination, water ingress, or microbial growth. Such issues can lead to filter blockages and engine failure. The analysis identifies common failure modes, including contamination from water that promotes corrosion and microbial growth, which can block filters and starve the engine of fuel.
Seasonal and regional factors also play a role. For example, lifeboats fueled in the Caribbean during summer may become inoperable if the vessel moves to a colder region, as biofuels and some diesel blends have poor cold-flow properties.
The report emphasizes that fuel testing should be part of a vessel's safety assurance program. Regular sampling and testing can verify that fuel remains fit for purpose throughout storage and changing conditions. Recommended tests include checks for stability, cleanliness, and cold-flow properties.
Ultimately, the analysis concludes that a well-documented operating procedure, combined with regular fuel sampling and good housekeeping, can help prevent engine failures. The article warns that failure to follow established procedures can lead to catastrophic financial, legal, and reputational damage, but the immediate risk is to human life.